말씀하신 "숫자"의 조건을 아주 단순히 \d+라고 생각하면... https://regex101.com/r/cnoopg/1

import re

# 그냥 캡쳐를 두번 하면 될 일 같은데요?
regex = r"(\d+):(\d+)"
test_str = "awfdjaiffewjj33:2d4 324234:3423423 asdfd:fas3"
matches = re.finditer(regex, test_str, re.MULTILINE)

>>> s = "awfdjaiffewjj3324 324234:3423423 asdfdfas3"
>>> for word in s.split():
    if ":" in word:
        x, y = map(int, word.split(":"))


>>> x
324234
>>> y
3423423